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The 1962 South Vietnamese Independence Palace bombing in Saigon was an aerial attack on 27 February 1962 by two dissident Vietnam Air Force pilots, Second Lieutenant Nguyễn Văn Cử and First Lieutenant Phạm Phú Quốc. The pilots targeted the Independence Palace, the official residence of the President of South Vietnam, with the aim of assassinating President Ngô Đình Diệm and his immediate family, who acted as his political advisors. The pilots later said they attempted the assassination in response to Diệm's autocratic rule, in which he focused more on remaining in power than on confronting the Vietcong, a Marxist–Leninist guerilla army who were threatening to overthrow the South Vietnamese government. Cử and Quốc hoped that the airstrike would expose Diệm's vulnerability and trigger a general uprising, but this failed to materialise. One bomb penetrated a room in the western wing where Diệm was reading but failed to detonate, leading the president to claim that he had "divine" protection. With the exception of Diệm's sister-in-law Madame Nhu, who suffered minor injuries, the Ngô family were unscathed. However, three palace staff died and 30 were injured. Afterwards, Cử escaped to Cambodia, but Quốc was arrested and imprisoned. In the wake of the airstrike, Diệm became hostile towards the American presence in South Vietnam. Diệm claimed that the American media was seeking to bring him down and he introduced new restrictions on press freedom and political association. The media speculated that the United States would use the incident to justify the deployment of combat troops to South Vietnam in the event the U.S. remained circumspect. Domestically, the incident was reported to have increased plotting against Diệm by his officers.〔Karnow, pp. 280–281.〕〔Tucker, p. 302.〕〔Langguth, pp. 163–164.〕 ==Planning== Cử was the second son of Nguyễn Văn Lực, a leader of the VNQDD ((ベトナム語:Vietnamese Nationalist Party)), which opposed the Diệm regime. In 1960, Diệm had jailed Lực for one month for engaging in "anti-government activities".〔 The VNQDD planned that Cử and Quốc, another pilot from the same squadron, would attack the Independence Palace on 27 February.〔 Quốc had recently been personally commended by Diệm for his achievements in combat,〔 having been honoured as one of the best pilots in the Vietnam Air Force (VNAF).〔 Quốc had relatives who were involved with the VNQDD.〔 Cử recruited Quốc by claiming the Vietnamese armed services and the United States were aware of the plot, showing him a ''Newsweek'' article critical of Diệm as evidence.〔Langguth, p. 99.〕 Quốc had more subordinates but was not sure of their loyalty, so he did not try to recruit them for the attack on the palace.〔 Years later, Cử blamed Diệm's treatment of opposition parties as the motivation for his attack. He believed that Diệm had prioritised remaining in power over fighting the VC and that, for six years, Cử had been denied promotion because of Diệm's obsession with hindering political opponents. Cử criticised the Americans for having supported Diệm, saying: "the Americans had slammed the door on those of us who really wanted the fight against the communists".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1962 South Vietnamese Independence Palace bombing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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